一个简单的算法问题，怎么样在一个数组里获得4个不同的数字

HoneyPooh 2006-03-12 06:18:49

4个数的范围是0到9

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fishmans 2006-03-13

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dim str as string
dim Result(3) as integer
dim Pos as integer
str="0123456789"
for i=0 to 3
randomize
pos = Int(Rnd * (len(str)) + 1
result(i)=mid(str,pos,1)
str=replace(str,result(i),"")
next
注：只满足楼主要求

of123 2006-03-13

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算法思路：

一般的想法是 4 个变量顺序求随机数，遇到重复则抛弃重试。
但对于一个快速算法，我的意见是先建立符合要求的解集，然后在取值时随机抽取。

例如你的问题，可以先求出 10 中取 4 的全部组合，保存到一个大小为 210 的数组中。
取值时，求小于等于 210 的随机数，就可以得到一组值。如果你的解要求是排列，可以在对 4 个元素乱序处理。

RUKYO 2006-03-13

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哈~此贴好！

KiteGirl 2006-03-13

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Private Sub Command1_Click()

'必要参数
Dim A() As Long '数组
Dim Aoc As Long '输出数组{1 <= Aoc <= (Vlen+1)}
Dim Vmax As Long '数值绝对上界{ Vmax > Vmin }
Dim Vmin As Long '数值绝对下界{ Vmin < Vmax }

'可导参数
Dim Vlen As Long '数值相对范围
Dim I As Long '索引
Dim Iom As Long '输出索引最大
Dim Isw As Long '交换指针
Dim Vst As Long '临时储值变量

Vmin = 0: Vmax = 9: Aoc = 4

Vlen = Vmax - Vmin
Iom = Aoc - 1

ReDim A(0 To Vlen)

'数组初始化
For I = 0 To Vlen
A(I) = I + Vmin
Next

Randomize Timer

'数组乱序（这里是“跳蚤算法”的快速型变种算法）
For I = 0 To Iom
Isw = Int(Rnd * 10)
Vst = A(Isw): A(Isw) = A(I): A(I) = Vst 'Swap A(Isw),A(I)
Next

ReDim Preserve A(0 To Iom)

Text1.Text = ""

For I = 0 To Iom
Text1.Text = Text1.Text & " " & A(I)
Next
End Sub

KiteGirl 2006-03-13

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用“跳蚤算法”，一会给你个例子……

northwolves 2006-03-13

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虽然许多人不愿意使用,一般可以用集合处理此类问题:

Sub xx()
Dim x As New Collection, i As Integer, j As Byte, result As String
result = ""
For i = 0 To 9
x.Add i
Next
For i = 1 To 4
Randomize
j = Int(Rnd * (x.Count)) + 1
result = result & x(j)
x.Remove j
Next
Debug.Print result
End Sub

NewViewStudio 2006-03-13

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Dim A(0 to 9) as byte ,I as long
for i=0 to 9
A(i)=i
next
for i=0 to 1000
randomize timer
swap A(int(rnd*10)),a(int(rnd*10))
next

********************

private sub SWAP(A as byte,B as byte)

Dim T as byte
t=a:a=b:b=t

end sub

*******************

然后你按照顺序调用A(...)即可

不过程序中用RANDOMIZE TIMER稍微有点达不到理想状态，应该把TIMER改为API函数GETTICKCOUNT更好。

lsftest 2006-03-12

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lzw858(落伍者)兄的方法理论上有可能运行一年都出不了结果。。。。。。

northwolves 2006-03-12

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Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim x(9) As Byte, i As Integer, j As Byte, result As String
For i = 0 To 9
x(i) = i
Next
For i = 1 To 4
Randomize
j = Int(Rnd * (10 - i))
result = result & x(j)
x(10 - i) = x(j)
x(j) = 10 - i
Next
MsgBox result
End Sub

lzw858 2006-03-12

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现在可以用这个初始化随机种子,以前我还不懂这个
Do '随机产生数字
Randomize
a = 9 * Rnd\1
b = 9 * Rnd\1
c = 9 * Rnd\1
d = 9 * Rnd\1
Loop While a = b Or a = c Or a = d Or b = c Or b = d Or c = d

lzw858 2006-03-12

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Do '随机产生数字
a = Right(Time * Rnd, 1)
b = Right(Time * Rnd, 1)
c = Right(Time * Rnd, 1)
d = Right(Time * Rnd, 1)
Loop While a = b Or a = c Or a = d Or b = c Or b = d Or c = d

以前我做猜数字时随机产生四个不同的数字用的

给分吧

HoneyPooh 2006-03-12