求SQL语句,最好一句搞定,有点小麻烦
有表内容如下
id(key) Pid(int) class(int) info(varchar(10))
1 1 1 xx
2 2 1 14
3 3 1 aa
4 4 1 16
5 1 2 1f
6 2 2 15
7 3 2 ss
8 4 2 de
想通过一个SQL语句吧上表列成如下格式输出
Pid class info1 info2
1 1 xx 1f
2 1 14 15
3 1 aa ss
4 1 16 de
就是把class=2的info的内容按照pid添加到新字段info2中
问题点数:50、回复次数:22Top
1 楼zbxubing(冰)回复于 2006-03-13 15:34:20 得分 0
使用简单 UNION
下例中的结果集包括 Customers 和 SouthAmericanCustomers 这两个表的 ContactName、CompanyName、City 和 Phone 列的内容。
USE Northwind
GO
IF EXISTS(SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'SouthAmericanCustomers')
DROP TABLE SouthAmericanCustomers
GO
-- Create SouthAmericanCustomers table.
SELECT ContactName, CompanyName, City, Phone
INTO SouthAmericanCustomers
FROM Customers
WHERE Country IN ('USA', 'Canada')
GO
-- Here is the simple union.
USE Northwind
SELECT ContactName, CompanyName, City, Phone
FROM Customers
WHERE Country IN ('USA', 'Canada')
UNION
SELECT ContactName, CompanyName, City, Phone
FROM SouthAmericanCustomers
ORDER BY CompanyName, ContactName ASC
GOTop
2 楼zbxubing(冰)回复于 2006-03-13 15:36:04 得分 0
我开始理解错了,是个连接,通过pid
使用内联接
内联接是用比较运算符比较要联接列的值的联接。
在 SQL-92 标准中,内联接可在 FROM 或 WHERE 子句中指定。这是 WHERE 子句中唯一一种 SQL-92 支持的联接类型。WHERE 子句中指定的内联接称为旧式内联接。
下面的 Transact-SQL 查询是内联接的一个示例:
USE pubs
SELECT *
FROM authors AS a INNER JOIN publishers AS p
ON a.city = p.city
ORDER BY a.au_lname DESC
此内联接称为相等联接。它返回两个表中的所有列,但只返回在联接列中具有相等值的行。
下面是结果集:
au_id au_lname au_fname phone address city
----------- -------- -------- ------------ --------------- --------
238-95-7766 Carson Cheryl 415 548-7723 589 Darwin Ln. Berkeley
409-56-7008 Bennet Abraham 415 658-9932 6223 Bateman St. Berkeley
state zip contract pub_id pub_name city state country
----- ----- -------- ------ --------------------- -------- ----- -------
CA 94705 1 1389 Algodata Infosystems Berkeley CA USA
CA 94705 1 1389 Algodata Infosystems Berkeley CA USA
(2 row(s) affected)
在结果集中,city 列出现两次。由于重复相同的信息没有意义,因此可以通过更改选择列表消除两个相同列中的一个。其结果称为自然联接。可以重新表述前面的 Transact-SQL 查询以形成自然联接。例如:
USE pubs
SELECT p.pub_id, p.pub_name, p.state, a.*
FROM publishers p INNER JOIN authors a
ON p.city = a.city
ORDER BY a.au_lname ASC, a.au_fname ASC
下面是结果集:
pub_id pub_name state au_id au_lname au_fname
------ --------------- -------- ----------- -------- -------- 1389 Algodata Infosystems CA 409-56-7008 Bennet Abraham
1389 Algodata Infosystems CA 238-95-7766 Carson Cheryl
phone address city state zip contract
--------------- ------------- -------- ----- ----- ---------
415 658-9932 6223 Bateman St. Berkeley CA 94705 1
415 548-7723 589 Darwin Ln. Berkeley CA 94705 1
(2 row(s) affected)
本示例中,publishers.city 没有出现在结果中。
使用等号以外的运算符的联接
也可以联接两个不相等的列中的值。用于内联接的运算符和谓词同样也可用于不相等联接。有关联接中可用的运算符和谓词的更多信息,请参见在表达式中使用运算符和 WHERE。
下面的 Transact-SQL 示例是一个大于 (>) 联接,可用于查找住在 Massachusetts 之后(按字母顺序排列)的州的 New Moon 作家,Massachusetts 是 New Moon Books 的所在地。
USE pubs
SELECT p.pub_name, p.state, a.au_lname, a.au_fname, a.state
FROM publishers p INNER JOIN authors a
ON a.state > p.state
WHERE p.pub_name = 'New Moon Books'
ORDER BY au_lname ASC, au_fname ASC
下面是结果集:
pub_name state au_lname au_fname state
---------------- ------- -------------------- -------------------- -----
New Moon Books MA Blotchet-Halls Reginald OR
New Moon Books MA del Castillo Innes MI
New Moon Books MA Greene Morningstar TN
New Moon Books MA Panteley Sylvia MD
New Moon Books MA Ringer Albert UT
New Moon Books MA Ringer Anne UT
(6 row(s) affected)
使用不等运算符的联接
很少使用不等联接 (< >)。通常不等联接只有与自联接同时使用才有意义。例如,可以使用下面的不等 Transact-SQL 联接和自联接查找包含不同价格的两本或多本廉价(低于 $15)书的类别:
USE pubs
SELECT DISTINCT t1.type, t1.price
FROM titles t1 INNER JOIN titles t2
ON t1.type = t2.type
AND t1.price <> t2.price
WHERE t1.price < $15 AND t2.price < $15
说明 表达式 NOT column_name = column_name 与表达式 column_name < > column_name 等效。
下面的 Transact-SQL 示例中,使用不等联接和自联接的组合查找 titleauthor 表中的所有行,在该表中有两行或多行具有相同的 title_id 但 au_id 号不同(即一本书有多个作者):
USE pubs
SELECT DISTINCT t1.au_id, t1.title_id
FROM titleauthor t1 INNER JOIN titleauthor t2
ON t1.title_id = t2.title_id
WHERE t1.au_id <> t2.au_id
ORDER BY t1.au_id
下面是结果集:
au_id title_id
----------- --------
213-46-8915 BU1032
267-41-2394 BU1111
267-41-2394 TC7777
409-56-7008 BU1032
427-17-2319 PC8888
472-27-2349 TC7777
672-71-3249 TC7777
722-51-5454 MC3021
724-80-9391 BU1111
724-80-9391 PS1372
756-30-7391 PS1372
846-92-7186 PC8888
899-46-2035 MC3021
899-46-2035 PS2091
998-72-3567 PS2091
(15 row(s) affected)Top
3 楼zbxubing(冰)回复于 2006-03-13 15:38:39 得分 5
(select * from t where class=1)看作一个表
(select * from t where class=2)看作另外一个表
select * from (select * from t where class=1) t1 inner join (select * from t where class=2) t2 on t1.id=t2.pidTop
4 楼yuweiwei(YWW(杨思))回复于 2006-03-13 15:44:53 得分 0
select 表.pid,表.class,表.info,tt.info as info2
from 表 , (select pid,info from 表 where class='2')tt
where 表.pid=tt.pid
Top
5 楼immc1979(毛毛虫)回复于 2006-03-13 15:50:02 得分 0
好像不行啊,输出还是两个表结果,没有整到一个表中间去啊Top
6 楼yuweiwei(YWW(杨思))回复于 2006-03-13 15:50:38 得分 0
对不起,我的错了,应该是楼上的才对!!!Top
7 楼immc1979(毛毛虫)回复于 2006-03-13 15:53:10 得分 0
好像约束条件有点不对,什么都不显示Top
8 楼yuweiwei(YWW(杨思))回复于 2006-03-13 15:54:05 得分 0
select AA.pid,AA.class,AA.info,tt.info as info2
from (select * from t where class=1)as AA ,
(select pid,info from 表 where class='2')as tt
where AA.pid=tt.pid
应该这样才对
Top
9 楼happyflystone(无枪的狙击手)回复于 2006-03-13 15:55:54 得分 0
select 表.pid,表.class,表.info,tt.info as info2
from 表 , (select pid,info from 表 where class='2')tt
where 表.pid=tt.pid
Top
10 楼immc1979(毛毛虫)回复于 2006-03-13 16:01:08 得分 0
仍然不行……
小有一点郁闷了Top
11 楼huailairen(流浪猫--很想养只猫,带着它到处流浪。)回复于 2006-03-13 16:01:59 得分 0
select b.id,b.class,b.info as info1,a.info as info2
from (select * from tb where class=2) a,(select * from tb where class<>2) b
where a.pid=b.pidTop
12 楼yuweiwei(YWW(杨思))回复于 2006-03-13 16:02:25 得分 45
楼上的好象和我犯了同一个错误,应该在加上!
select * from (
select 表.pid,表.class,表.info,tt.info as info2
from 表 , (select pid,info from 表 where class='2')tt
where 表.pid=tt.pid
)as BB where BB.class=1Top
13 楼immc1979(毛毛虫)回复于 2006-03-13 16:10:37 得分 0
楼上yuweiwei(YWW(杨思))貌似正解,我再领悟下,呵呵:)
-----------------------------------------------------
select * from (
select 表.pid,表.class,表.info,tt.info as info2
from 表 , (select pid,info from 表 where class='2')tt
where 表.pid=tt.pid
)as tt where tt.class=1Top
14 楼zjdyzwx(十一月猪)回复于 2006-03-13 16:53:51 得分 0
CREATE TABLE #TEMP
(ID INT PRIMARY KEY, PID INT,CLASS INT , INFO VARCHAR(10))
INSERT INTO #TEMP
SELECT 1, 1, 1, 'xx' UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 2, 1, '14' UNION ALL
SELECT 3, 3, 1, 'aa' UNION ALL
SELECT 4, 4, 1, '16' UNION ALL
SELECT 5, 1, 2, '1f' UNION ALL
SELECT 6, 2, 2, '15' UNION ALL
SELECT 7, 3, 2, 'ss' UNION ALL
SELECT 8, 4, 2, 'de'
DECLARE @S VARCHAR(8000)
SET @S = ''
SELECT @S = @S + ',' + 'MAX(CASE CLASS WHEN ' + CAST(CLASS AS VARCHAR) +' THEN INFO END) AS INFO' + CAST(CLASS AS VARCHAR)
FROM #TEMP
GROUP BY CLASS
EXEC('SELECT PID,MIN(CLASS) AS ''CLASS'' ' +@S + ' FROM #TEMP GROUP BY PID ')
DROP TABLE #TEMP
PRINT @STop
15 楼tianyan316(与狼共舞,舞者岂是羊)回复于 2006-03-13 17:29:48 得分 0
select temp3.pid,temp3.class,temp3.info as info1,tem.info as info2 from temp3,(select pid,info from temp3 where class='2')tem where
temp3.pid=tem.pid and temp3.class='1'Top
16 楼sjs9111(雉水寒)回复于 2006-03-14 11:47:38 得分 0
select
t.pid,
t.class,
t.info info1,
g.info info2
from
(select * from t1 where class=1) t ,
(select class,info,pid from t1 where class=2) g
where
g.pid=t.pidTop
17 楼chpbing(chpbing)回复于 2006-03-14 12:10:51 得分 0
select pid,
class,
info1 = info,
info2 = (select info from 表名
where class= 2 and pid = a.id)
from 表名 a
where class = 1Top
18 楼flysky_lfx(【今夜酷寒,不宜私奔】→暂时没有信息)回复于 2006-03-14 12:58:07 得分 0
select A.pid,A.class,A.info as info1 ,(select B.info from 表名 B where class=2 and B.info=A.info as info2 ) from 表名 ATop
19 楼tengteng_rock(没完没了)回复于 2006-03-14 14:53:51 得分 0
select a.id,a.pid,a.class,a.info,b.info
from t, (select id,pid,class,info,info from t where class=2) b
where a.class = 1 and a.pid = b.pidTop
20 楼tengteng_rock(没完没了)回复于 2006-03-14 14:59:42 得分 0
刚才写错了:)
正解:
t为原表
select t.id,t.pid,t.class,t.info,b.info
from t, (select id,pid,class,info from t where class=2) b
where t.class = 1 and t.pid = b.pidTop
21 楼pengzhidong(东东)回复于 2006-03-14 17:06:18 得分 0
select t1.Pid as Pid, t1.class as class ,t1.info as info1,t2.info as info2
from tb t1, tb t2
where t1.class=1 and t1.pid=t2.pid
不知道可不可行,大家试试!Top
22 楼pengzhidong(东东)回复于 2006-03-14 17:07:23 得分 0
select t1.Pid as Pid, t1.class as class ,t1.info as info1,t2.info as info2
from tb t1, tb t2
where t1.class=1 and t2.class <>1 and t1.pid=t2.pid
不知道可不可行,大家试试!
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