如何查找文件夹下最新建立的文件夹或文件

likekite 2006-12-15 11:53:11

请教高手，如何查找文件夹下最新建立的文件夹或文件？

如：c:\windows\1.xls 2006/1/10建立
c:\windows\2.xls 2006/2/30建立

通过语句调用2.xls

又如：d:\folder1 2006/5/10建立
d:\folder2 2006/5/10建立

如何通过语句调用 folder1

请给出详细代码？

谢谢

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ascloudy 2006-12-15

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利用未公开函数实现Shell操作监视

在Windows下有一个未公开函数SHChangeNotifyRegister可以把窗口添加到系统的系统消息监视链中，该函数定义如下：

function SHChangeNotifyRegister(hWnd, uFlags, dwEventID, uMSG, cItems: LongWord;
lpps:PIDLSTRUCT): integer; stdcall; external 'Shell32.dll' index 2;
// 参数hWnd定义了监视系统操作的窗口得句柄
// 参数uFlags、dwEventID定义监视操作参数
// 参数uMsg定义操作消息
// 参数cItems定义附加参数
// 参数lpps指定一个PIDLSTRUCT结构，该结构指定监视的目录

当函数调用成功之后，函数会返回一个监视操作句柄，同时系统就会将hWnd指定的窗口加入到操作监视链中，当有文件操作发生时，系统会向hWnd发送uMsg指定的消息，我们只要在程序中加入该消息的处理函数就可以实现对系统操作的监视了。如果要退出程序监视，就要调用另外一个未公开得函数SHChangeNotifyDeregister来取消程序监视。

运行程序，点击打开监视按钮，如果出现一个显示“Shell监视程序成功注册”的对话框，说明Form1已经加入到系统操作监视链中了，可以试着在资源管理器中建立、删除文件夹，移动文件等操作，可以发现这些操作都被纪录下来并显示在文本框中。

在程序中多次使用到了一个PItemIDList的结构，这个数据结构指定Windows下得一个“项目”，在Windows下资源实现统一管理一个“项目”可以是一个文件或者一个文件夹，也可以是一个打印机等资源。

// .h
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifndef mainH
#define mainH
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <Classes.hpp>
#include <Controls.hpp>
#include <StdCtrls.hpp>
#include <Forms.hpp>

#define WM_SHNOTIFY 0x401
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

class TFormMain : public TForm
{
__published: // IDE-managed Components
TMemo *Memo1;
void __fastcall FormCreate(TObject *Sender);
void __fastcall FormClose(TObject *Sender, TCloseAction &Action);
private: // User declarations
void __fastcall WMShellReg(TMessage & Message);

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP
VCL_MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_SHNOTIFY, TMessage, WMShellReg)
END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm)

public: // User declarations
__fastcall TFormMain(TComponent* Owner);
};
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
extern PACKAGE TFormMain *FormMain;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#endif

//.cpp
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop

#include "main.h"
#include <shlobj.h>
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"

TFormMain *FormMain;

HWND m_hSHNotify;
LPITEMIDLIST m_pidlDesktop;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

typedef struct
{
PItemIDList dwItem1;
PItemIDList dwItem2;
}SHNOTIFYSTRUCT, *PSHNOTIFYSTRUCT;

typedef struct
{
PItemIDList pidl;
int bWatchSubFolders;
}_IDLSTRUCT,IDLSTRUCT,*PIDLSTRUCT;

typedef HWND (*SHNRegister)(HWND hWnd,DWORD uFlags,DWORD dwEventID,DWORD uMSG,DWORD cItems,PIDLSTRUCT lpps);
typedef HWND (*SHNUnRegister)(HWND hNotify);

SHNRegister SHChangeNotifyRegister;
SHNUnRegister SHChangeNotifyDeregister;

String __fastcall SHEventName(String strPath1, String strPath2, DWORD lParam)
{
switch(lParam)
{
case SHCNE_RENAMEITEM: return "重命名文件" + strPath1 + "为" + strPath2;
case SHCNE_CREATE: return "建立文件：" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_DELETE: return "删除文件：" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_MKDIR: return "新建目录：" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_RMDIR: return "删除目录：" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_MEDIAINSERTED: return strPath1 + "中插入可移动存储介质";
case SHCNE_MEDIAREMOVED: return strPath1 + "中移去可移动存储介质" + strPath1 + " " + strPath2;
case SHCNE_DRIVEREMOVED: return "移去驱动器" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_DRIVEADD: return "添加驱动器" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_NETSHARE: return "设置目录" + strPath1 + "为共享";
case SHCNE_NETUNSHARE: return "取消目录" + strPath1 + "的共享";
case SHCNE_ATTRIBUTES: return "改变" + strPath1 + "的属性";
case SHCNE_UPDATEDIR: return "更新目录" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_UPDATEITEM: return "更新文件" + strPath1;
case SHCNE_SERVERDISCONNECT: return "断开与服务器的连接" + strPath1 + " " + strPath2;
case SHCNE_UPDATEIMAGE: return "执行：SHCNE_UPDATEIMAGE 操作";
case SHCNE_DRIVEADDGUI: return "执行：SHCNE_DRIVEADDGUI 操作";
case SHCNE_RENAMEFOLDER: return "重命名文件夹" + strPath1 + "为" + strPath2;
case SHCNE_FREESPACE: return "磁盘空间大小改变";
case SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED: return "改变文件关联";
case SHCNE_EXTENDED_EVENT:return strPath2 + "目录有变化";
default: return "未知操作" + IntToStr(lParam);
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool SHNotify_Register(HWND hWnd)
{
IDLSTRUCT ps;
if (m_hSHNotify == 0)
{
if (SHGetSpecialFolderLocation(0, CSIDL_DESKTOP, &m_pidlDesktop) == NOERROR)
{
if (m_pidlDesktop)
{
ps.pidl = m_pidlDesktop;
ps.bWatchSubFolders = 1;
m_hSHNotify = SHChangeNotifyRegister(hWnd, SHCNF_TYPE | SHCNF_IDLIST,
SHCNE_ALLEVENTS | SHCNE_INTERRUPT, WM_SHNOTIFY, 1, &ps);
return (m_hSHNotify != 0);
}
else
{
CoTaskMemFree(m_pidlDesktop);
}
}
}
return False;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool SHNotify_UnRegister()
{
if (m_hSHNotify != 0)
{
if(SHChangeNotifyDeregister == NULL) return False;

if(SHChangeNotifyDeregister(m_hSHNotify))
{
m_hSHNotify = 0;
CoTaskMemFree(m_pidlDesktop);
return True;
}
}
return False;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

__fastcall TFormMain::TFormMain(TComponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
{
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void __fastcall TFormMain::WMShellReg(TMessage & Message)
{
String strPath1;
String strPath2;
char strPath[256];
String sTmp;
PSHNOTIFYSTRUCT pidlItem;

pidlItem = (PSHNOTIFYSTRUCT)Message.WParam;

SHGetPathFromIDList(pidlItem->dwItem1,strPath);
strPath1 = strPath;
SHGetPathFromIDList(pidlItem->dwItem2,strPath);
strPath2 = strPath;

sTmp = FormatDateTime("[yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss]:",Now()) + SHEventName(strPath1,strPath2,Message.LParam);

Memo1->Lines->Add(sTmp);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void __fastcall TFormMain::FormCreate(TObject *Sender)
{
m_hSHNotify = NULL;
HMODULE DLLHandle = LoadLibrary("SHELL32.DLL");
if(DLLHandle)
{
SHChangeNotifyRegister = (SHNRegister)GetProcAddress(DLLHandle,(LPCSTR)2);
SHChangeNotifyDeregister = (SHNUnRegister)GetProcAddress(DLLHandle,(LPCSTR)4);
}
FreeLibrary(DLLHandle);

SHNotify_Register(Handle);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void __fastcall TFormMain::FormClose(TObject *Sender, TCloseAction &Action)
{
SHNotify_UnRegister();
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------